Magmatic sulfide deposits geology geochemistry and exploration pdf

Read origin of the tudun cuni sulfide deposit in the eastern tianshan, nw china. The application of volcanic geochemistry in the metallogeny of volcanichosted sulfide deposits in central newfoundland. Magmatic sulfide deposits models 1, 2b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, and. The advantages of integrating datasets in the search for mineralization in areas characterized by subdued relief, extensive areas of transported regolith, and a semiarid climate, are shown using direct observations e. Schedule geol 5606 exploration for magmatic ore deposits. Magmatic sulfide deposits models 1, 2b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b. Ga ultramaficmafic, silllike, and chonolithic intrusions that form part of the. Tuzo wibon research laboratories, department of earth and planetary sciences, erindale campus, university of toronto, mississauga, ontario lsl 1c6 stephen j. There are many factors which govern their size and grade, and the development of different exploration tools based on the interplay between these factors. Nickelcopper sulfide ore deposits are found at the base of mafic and ultramafic bodies. Representatives of magmatic concentration are many and widespread, but the. Triggers for the formation of porphyry ore deposits in. Considering the combined structural and spatial association of gold with greenschist facies, the. Geochemistry, alteration, and genesis of gold mineralization in the okote area, southern ethiopia.

They are the erbutu and beiligaimiao fenicu sulfide deposits. With theriseof manydeveloping nations, the worlds need for metal deposits increased rapidly in. Magmatic sulfide deposits fall into two major groups when considered on the basis of the value of their contained metals, one group in which ni, and, to a lesser extent, cu, are the most valuable products and a second in which the pge are the most important. Magmatic sulfide deposits geology, geochemistry and exploration naldrett, anthony j. Barnes department of geology, university of toronto, toronto, ontario mss iai. Geology, genesis, and exploration for magmatic pgecuni. For example, in the langshan region in inner mongolia, ne china, two magmatic sulfide deposits associated with these types of complexes have been found. About 60% of the worlds ni and 40% of the worlds pge platinumgroupelementsare mined from magmatic sul. They have been the subject of intensive study for many years, but there has been something of a polarization between. Banded iron formations banded iron formations or bif are finely bedded chemical sedimentary rocks.

Geology, geochemistry and reos geochronology of the. Advances in nicupge sulphide deposit models and implications for exploration technologies lightfoot, p. In many cases, the geology of these terranes may be poorly understood and reliable geological maps absent. Klein summary of relevant geologic, geoenvironmental, and geophysical information deposit geology magmatic sulfide deposits are sulfide mineral concentrations in mafic and ultramafic rocks derived from immiscible. Geochemical constraints on magmatic and metallogenic. Ripley, editors additional copies of this publication can be obtained from society of economic geologists, inc. Klein summary of relevant geologic, geoenvironmental, and geophysical information deposit geology magmatic sulfide deposits are sulfide mineral concentrations in mafic and ultramafic rocks derived from. Geochronology, petrology and geochemistry of the beiligaimiao. The metal content of the sulphides is governed by the concentration of the metals in the silicate host magma, the sulphide meltsilicate melt. Volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits are forming today on the seafloor around undersea volcanoes along many mid ocean ridges, and within backarc basins and forearc rifts. Geology, geochemistry and exploration, springer verlaag, 728 pp. Exploration geochemistry design and interpretation of soil surveys, 1988, geochemical.

Hanley descriptive platinumgroup element ore deposit models preciousmetaldominant 3. Although there are many researchers including us with feet in both camps, there remains a need to bring the two strands closer together. Anthony james tony naldrett, frsc born 1933 is a canadian geologist. Class nc4 covers those deposits that are related to anorthositegranitetroctolite complexes such as the nain plutonic complex of labrador, canada ripley and li, 2011. He is considered an expert on the reaction between sulfide and silicate melts, fractional. The aqueous geochemistry of the platinum group elements pge in surficial, lowt hydrothermal and hight magmatichydrothermal environments 3556 j.

Oct 20, 20 magmatic sulphide deposits are of course important from an exploration and mining perspective because they host economic quantities of copper, nickel, and the platinum group elements pge. Introduction iron, in the form of cast iron and steel, is arguably the backbone of all industrial. Hanley descriptive platinumgroup element ore deposit models preciousmetal. Kaneko encyclopedia of life support systems eolss size and richness to constitute valuable mineral deposits such as chromium, platinum and ree. Geology, geochemistry and reos geochronology of the jurassic. In addition, secondary processes can produce associated asbestos, soapstone, and native copper deposits. Sulfide ore deposits occupy a spectrum from accumulated pools of matte within small igneous intrusions or lava flows, mined primarily. Beukes encyclopedia of life support systems eolss figure 1. Magmatic sulfide deposits models 1, 2b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, and 7a.

Exploration for magmatic nicupge sulphide deposits. Magmatic sulfide deposits form when a fractionating body of magma that has intruded into the crust reaches sulfide saturation, that is, the point where the magma can no longer hold sulfur in solution, and an immiscible sulfide liquid exsolves from the silicate magma. The deposits fall naturally into two major groupings, those that are of value primarily because of their ni and cu, and which tend to be rich in sulfide with the ore usually containing 20 to 90 percent sulfide, and those of value primarily because of their pge. Magmatic ore deposits, those formed directly by igneous processes, are of enormous economic importance, accounting for some of the most valuable accumulations of precious and strategic metals on the planet naldrett, 2004. Major advances in exploration geochemistry, 19982007 cohen.

This book is an enormously expanded and updated version of his original textbook on the subject. Metals are essential for the needs, wealth and sustainable development of our society. An increasing risk to the technical capacity of the minerals exploration sector to discover new deposits is the progressive decline in the number of universities offering suitable geoscience programs. Magmatic sulfide ore deposits are products of natural smelting. Tectonic settings of magmatic sulfide deposits in china m. Box 28503, addis ababa, ethiopia 2department of geological sciences, university of vienna, althanstrasse 14, a1090 vienna, austria received december 31, 2003. Pdf download handbook of exploration geochemistry statistics and data analysis in geochemical download full ebook.

All their host rocks, except the sudbury igneous complex, are thought to be mantle derived melts. Sulfide ore deposits occupy a spectrum from accumulated pools of matte within small igneous intrusions or lava flows, mined primarily for ni and cu, to stratiform layers of weakly disseminated sulfides within large maficultramafic intrusions, mined for platinumgroup elements. Geochemistry in mineral exploration, 1979, arthur w. Geology, geochemistry and reos geochronology of the jurassic zeybek volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit central pontides, turkey author links open overlay panel kurtulus gunay a cahit donmez a vural oyan b cuneyt baran a emin ciftci c osman parlak d nail y. Formation of magmatic nickelsulfide ore deposits and. The sudbury igneous complex is thought to be the product of complete melting of continental crust. Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposits, also known as vms ore deposits, are a type of metal sulfide ore deposit, mainly copperzinc which are associated with and created by volcanicassociated hydrothermal events in submarine environments these deposits are also sometimes called volcanichosted massive sulfide vhms deposits. Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposit wikipedia. Magmatic sulfide deposits geology, geochemistry and exploration.

The field of geochemistry involves study of the chemical composition of the earth and other planets, the composition of rocks and soils, the cycles that involve the earths chemical components, and the interaction of those cycles with land and water. Magmatic sulphide deposits are of course important from an exploration and mining perspective because they host economic quantities of copper, nickel, and the platinum group elements pge. Geochemistry, alteration, and genesis of gold mineralization in the okote area, southern ethiopia debele j. Mineral exploration companies are exploring for seafloor massive sulfide deposits. Pdf download geochemistry in mineral exploration download. Oct, 20 porphyry ore deposits supply much of the copper, molybdenum, gold and silver used by humans. Magmatic sulfiderich nickelcopper deposits related to. Magmatic sulfide ore deposits elements geoscienceworld. The kabanga ni sulfide deposit represents one of the most significant ni sulfide discoveries of the last two decades, with current indicated mineral resources of 23. The geochronology, petrology and geochemistry of the erbutu deposit were described recently by peng et al.

Magmatic sulfide deposits containing nickel ni and copper cu, with or without platinumgroup elements pges, account for approximately 60 percent of the worlds ni production and are active exploration targets in the united states and elsewhere. Geology, genesis, and exploration for magmatic pgecuni deposits c. These include lowsulfide, contacttype, and reeftype pge deposits, chromite deposits, and fetiv deposits. Data presentation and interpretation exploration geochemistry has, as with all sciences, benefited greatly. Tectonic settings of magmatic sulfide deposits in china. The 2016 gordon research conference on the geochemistry of mineral deposits will address new research directions in economic geology and ore deposit geochemistry that will help meet the increasing resource needs for future generations. Proterozoic mineralization identified by integrated. Introduction exploration geochemistry continues to be a major contributor to mineral exploration programs at scales ranging from regional.

Most major magmatic cunipge sulphide deposits are thought to have formed by segregation of an immiscible sulphide melt from a silicate host magma, in response to processes such as magma mixing, rapid cooling, differentiation, and contamination. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Beukes encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. In the case of mantlederived magmas, a high degree of partial melting of the mantle serves to. Lesher2 1department of earth sciences, university of hong kong, hong kong, china 2mineral exploration research centre, department of earth sciences, laurentian university, sudbury, ontario, canada p3e 6b5 email. Porphyry ore deposits supply much of the copper, molybdenum, gold and silver used by humans. Major advances in exploration geochemistry, 19982007. Mineralogy, geochemistry, and economic geology jens gutzmer and nicolas j. Magmatic sulfide deposits geology, geochemistry and. The metal content of the sulphides is governed by the concentration of the metals in the silicate host magma, the. Magmatic sulphide deposits provides an updated summary of the state of understanding of the most important ni sulfide deposits.